Many single phase electric motors require a capacitor to operate correctly.
Capacitors are used to either start an electric motor, or in other cases to actually keep it running. When the capacitor fails, the motor either will not work at all, or may turn slowly with no torque.
This video covers basic identification and two ways to test motor capacitors.
In most cases, motor capacitors are cheap and easy to replace, and are a common cause of small motors not working properly.
Common equipment with motor capacitors includes electric gates, washing machines, shower pumps, macerators, garden shredders, swimming pool pumps, workshop machinery and dishwashers.